Geography Disaster Management Notes - TNPSC Group 2/2A & Group 4

                  TNPSC Geography

            Disaster Management Notes

Minor Ports on TN = 15 

Major ports = 3 ( chennai, Ennore, Thuthukudi) 

Export  - 12.2% of India’s

1077    -   TN Disaster Helpline 

1098    -   child helpline 

Kumbakonam - July 16, 2004

Kuranganl - 9/3/2018

Bhopal Gas Tragedy - Dec 3, 1984

Super cyclone - Oct 29, 1999

Fukisima - 2011

Chernobile - 26 April 1986

Disaster Management Authority - 2005

 Tsunami - 26/ Dec/ 2004 (7.30 A.M.)

 Natural Disaster 

Man made Disaster 

National Flood control program - 1954

Indian Meteorological Department (IMD) - New Delhi (HQ) 

     5 observatories - 2006

    - Chennai - Nungambakkam 

    - Mumbai

    - Pune 

    - Thiruvananthapuram 

    - Panaji (Goa capital)

Man made disasters 

1. 26/Jan/2001 - 51st Republic Day - Pooj (Gujarat) - 7.7 Richter

2. Dec, 26 - 2004 - Tsunami -       Japan named - Harbour wave ;Sped - 640 km/hr, 960 km/hr  ; Height - 30 meter 

3. 16 - July - 2004 -  Kumbakonam 

4. 29.10.1999 - Super cyclone - odisha 

5. 26.04.1986 - Chernobyl - 400 times stronger than Hiroshima & Nagasaki - 305 lakh people migrated .

 6. 11.03.2011 - Fukushima 

  7. 02.12.1984 - Bhopal Gas Tragedy - Methyl Iso cyanide - Pesticide 

Cyclones 

 1. Gaja - 2018 - 128 km/hr - Srilanka named meaning Elephant 

    2. Okhi - 2017 - 155 km/hr - Bangladesh named - means eye 

    3. Vardha - 2016 - 130 km/hr - Pakistan named - Red rose 

    4.  Nada - 2016 - 75 km/hr - Oman named - Giving

    5. Kyant - 2016 - 85 km/hr - Myanmar - Crocodile 

    6. Roanu - 2016 - 85 km/hr - Maldives - Coir 

    7. Jal - 2010 - 100 km/hr - India - water 

    8. Thane - 2011 - 140 km/hr - myanmar 

    9. Nilam - 2012 - 85 km/hr - Pakistan 

    10. Madi - 2013 - 120 km/hr - Maldives - Ray 

    11. Nisha - 2008 - 85 km/hr - Bangladesh 

    12. Fony - 2019 - Bangladesh - snake

Naming of cyclones 

           2004 - started Naming  

1. Onil - Bangladesh (Ist cyclone to be named) 

Bangladesh, Maldives, Pakistan, Oman, Myanmar, Srilanka, Thailand, India.

Names given by India 

¤ Agni, Aakash, Bijli, Jal, Uhar, Megh, sagar, Vayu.

¤ Districts affected by cyclone in TN - 13 (Mayiladuthurai)

2013, June 14 - June 17 -》Uttarakhand - Rainfall 375% rain 

Drought 

- 68 % of India, prone to drought 

- 33% receives rainfall less than 75 cm.

- Indira Gandhi Canal Project - longest canal in India - 1983

- Punjab, Haryana, Rajasthan Mullai Periyar Dam - 1895 

- Sir John Beniquick 

Lightning 

- 10 to 20 Amps electric current - fatal 

- 2000 people die because of literary in world 

- Temp - 9982°C

- Thunder can only be heared from 16 km 

- lighting speed - 80,000 km/s 

- length - 3 to 4 km

- energy - 250 kw - 100 w bulb for 3 months 

 - founded by Benjamin Franklin 

Earthquake 

VOLCANO - active volcano - at Baren island - extinct volcano at Tiruvannamalai, Panaga hill Andhra Pradesh .

Global warming

Acid rain 

- 1852 - Ist awareness 

- Kills 70 % of coral rifs Lakshadweep 

- Eutrophication - excessive growth of algae.

- Paris climate change agreement - 2015

 Acts : 

¤ Water prevention and protection Act - 1974

¤ Air Pollution Prevention & Protection Act - 1981

¤ Environment Protection Act - 1986

¤ Forest Prevention and protection Act - 1976

¤ Motor vehicle Act - 1988

¤ Tiger Protection and Prevention Act - 1973

¤ Lion Protection and Prevention Act - 1972

¤ Elephant Protection & Prevention Act - 1992

¤ Crocodile Protection & Prevention Act - 1975

¤ Wildlife protection Act - 1972

¤ International Disaster Risk Reduction Day - Oct 13